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The alphabet does not know the Q, W, and X. In general, stress has to be placed on the last syllable in a word. All letters must be pronounced. The spelling of Turkish Language is phonetic and it is said to be agglutinative while also no prefixes are being used. How to Say Basic Phrases in TurkishLooking for Old Turkish fonts? Click to find the best 6 free fonts in the Old Turkish style. Every font is free to download!History of the Turkish Alphabet Soon after the Turkish Republic was declared Law No:1353 dated 1st November 1928 changed the alphabet to Roman letters from the previous Ottoman arabic script. The Ottoman script was did not adequately cover the phonetics of Turkish. Mustafa Kemal Atatürkintroduced the new Latin alphabet overnight.Many different scripts have been used by Turks throughout the history. Göktürk (Orhun), Uygur, Arabic, and Kiril are some of the old alphabets that the turkish have used. Latin is the current! In the Ottoman Era, Arabic script was used, which is an alphabet rich in consonants.The Turkish alphabet (undefined) is a Latin-script alphabet used for writing the Turkish language, consisting of 29 letters, seven of which (Ç, Ş, Ğ, I, İ, Ö, Ü) have been modified from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language.

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Turkic languages had their own Runic alphabet before their adoption of the Muslim faith and the Arabic-Persian script. And discussions for the adoption of the Latin script started well before Mustafa Kemal was born with some Turkish reformists pro...History Early reform proposals and alternate scripts. The earliest known Turkic alphabet is the Orkhon script, also known as the Old Turkish alphabet, the first surviving evidence of which dates from the 7th century.In general, Turkic languages have been written in a number of different alphabets including Uyghur, Cyrillic, Arabic, Greek, Latin, and some other Asiatic writing systems.Therefore, the Ottoman Turkish scripts was completely abandoned. Today, Turkish is written with Latin letters. Although slight variations exist between the Turkish and the English alphabet, they're largely the same. How Many Letters Are in the Turkish Alphabet? There are 29 letters in the Turkish alphabet. 21 consonants and 8 vowels.Alphabet. The Turkish alphabet is a modified version of the Latin alphabet and consists of 29 letters. Included are 6 additional letters - ç, ğ, ı, ö, ş, ü - while - q, w, x - are excluded.

Turkish Alphabet - Turkish Explained

The Old Turkic script (also known as variously Göktürk script, Orkhon script, Orkhon-Yenisey script) is the alphabet used by the Göktürk and other early Turkic Khanates during the 8th to 10th centuries to record the Old Turkic language.#100581691 - Turk word is engraved with old Turkish alphabet on wall with.. Similar Images . Add to Likebox #137643493 - Coffee Beans, the alphabet H is formed with coffee beans in white.. Similar Images . Add to Likebox #144484092 - The model scripts inscriptions of oldest Turkic language. Similar ImagesHistory Early reform proposals and alternate scripts. The earliest known Turkic alphabet is the Orkhon script, also known as the Old Turkish alphabet, the first surviving evidence of which dates from the 7th century.In general, Turkic languages have been written in a number of different alphabets including Uyghur, Cyrillic, Arabic, Greek, Latin, and some other Asiatic writing systems.The earliest known Turkic alphabet is the Orkhon script, also known as the Old Turkish alphabet, the first surviving evidence of which dates from the 7th century. In general, Turkic languages have been written in a number of different alphabets including Uyghur , Cyrillic , Arabic , Greek , Latin , and some other Asiatic writing systems.Online Ottoman Turkish keyboard to type a text with the Arabic alphabet

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Old Turkic scriptOrkhon scriptA line devoted to Bumin Qaghan in the Ongin inscription.Script type Alphabet Time period6th to tenth centuriesDirectionright-to-left script LanguagesOld TurkicRelated scriptsParent methodsProto-Sinaitic(?)PhoenicianAramaicSyriacSogdian, Kharosthi (?)Old Turkic scriptChild methodsOld HungarianISO 15924ISO 15924Orkh, 175 , Old Turkic, Orkhon RunicUnicodeUnicode aliasOld TurkicUnicode rangeU+10C00–U+10C4F A copy of Bilge Kağan's stele in Ankara, Turkey. Transcription of part of Bilge Kağan's inscription (lines 36–40) Location of the Orkhon Valley.

The Old Turkic script (often referred to as variously Göktürk script, Orkhon script, Orkhon-Yenisey script, Turkic runes) was the alphabet used by the Göktürks and other early Turkic khanates from the Eighth to 10th centuries to file the Old Turkic language.[1]

The script is named after the Orkhon Valley in Mongolia where early Eighth-century inscriptions have been found out in an 1889 expedition by Nikolai Yadrintsev.[2] These Orkhon inscriptions have been printed by Vasily Radlov and deciphered by way of the Danish philologist Vilhelm Thomsen in 1893.[3]

This writing device was once later used within the Uyghur Khaganate. Additionally, a Yenisei variant is known from 9th-century Yenisei Kirghiz inscriptions, and it has most likely cousins in the Talas Valley of Turkestan and the Old Hungarian alphabet of the tenth century. Words have been typically written from proper to left.

Origins

According to a few resources, Orkhon script is derived from variants of the Aramaic alphabet,[4][5][6] particularly via the Pahlavi and Sogdian alphabets of Persia,[7][8] or possibly by way of Kharosthi used to put in writing Sanskrit (cf. the inscription at Issyk kurgan).

Vilhelm Thomsen (1893) connected the script to the reviews of Chinese account (Records of the Grand Historian, vol. 110) from a 2nd-century BCE Yan renegade and dignitary named Zhonghang Yue (Chinese: 中行说; pinyin: Zhōngháng Yuè). Yue "taught the Chanyu (rulers of the Xiongnu) to write official letters to the Chinese court on a wooden tablet (simplified Chinese: 牍; traditional Chinese: 牘; pinyin: dú) 31 cm long, and to use a seal and large-sized folder". The similar resources inform that after the Xiongnu noted down one thing or transmitted a message, they made cuts on a work of wooden (gemu). They also mention a "Hu script". At the Noin-Ula burial site and other Hun burial sites in Mongolia and areas north of Lake Baikal, the artifacts displayed over twenty carved characters. Most of those characters are both an identical with or very similar to the letters of the Turkic Orkhon script.[9] Turkic inscriptions courting from previous than the Orkhon inscriptions used about 150 symbols, which may recommend that tamgas first imitated Chinese script and then progressively was once subtle into an alphabet.

Contemporary Chinese sources conflict as as to if the Turks had a written language via the sixth century. The Book of Zhou, courting to the 7th century, mentions that the Turks had a written language similar to that of the Sogdians. Two different assets, the Book of Sui and the History of the Northern Dynasties declare that the Turks did not have a written language.[10] According to István Vásáry, Old Turkic script was invented underneath the rule of thumb of the first khagans and that it used to be modelled after the Sogdian style.[11] Several variants of the script got here into being as early as the first half of the sixth century.[12]

Corpus

The Old Turkic corpus consists of about two hundred[13] inscriptions, plus various manuscripts.

The inscriptions, relationship from the seventh to tenth century, had been found out in present-day Mongolia (the area of the Second Turkic Khaganate and the Uyghur Khaganate that succeeded it), within the upper Yenisey basin of central-south Siberia, and in smaller numbers, in the Altay mountains and Xinjiang. The texts are most commonly epitaphs (legit or private), however there are also graffiti and a handful of short inscriptions found on archaeological artifacts, including a lot of bronze mirrors.[13]

The web page of the Language Committee of Ministry of Culture and Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan lists 54 inscriptions from the Orkhon area, 106 from the Yenisei area, 15 from the Talas area, and Seventy eight from the Altai house. The most famous of the inscriptions are the 2 monuments (obelisks) which have been erected in the Orkhon Valley between 732 and 735 in honor of the Göktürk prince Kül Tigin and his brother the emperor Bilge Kağan. The Tonyukuk inscription, a monument located slightly farther east, is slightly earlier, dating to ca. 722. These inscriptions relate in epic language the mythical origins of the Turks, the golden age in their historical past, their subjugation by the Chinese (Tang-Gokturk wars), and their liberation by means of Bilge.[14]

The Old Turkic manuscripts, of which there are none earlier than the 9th century, were present in present-day Xinjiang and constitute Old Uyghur, a special Turkic dialect from the only represented within the Old Turkic inscriptions in the Orkhon valley and in other places.[13] They include Irk Bitig, a Ninth-century manuscript ebook on divination.[15]

Table of characters

Table of characters as printed by Thomsen (1893)

Old Turkic being a synharmonic language, plenty of consonant signs are divided into two "synharmonic sets", one for entrance vowels and the opposite for again vowels. Such vowels may also be taken as intrinsic to the consonant signal, giving the Old Turkic alphabet an aspect of an abugida script. In these cases, it is normal to make use of superscript numerals ¹ and ² to mark consonant signs used with back and front vowels, respectively. This convention was presented by Thomsen (1893), and adopted through Gabain (1941), Malov (1951) and Tekin (1968).

Vowels Orkhon Yenisei variants Trans-literation IPA Image Text 𐰀‎ 𐰁 𐰂‎ a, ä /ɑ/, /æ/ 𐰃‎ 𐰄‎ ı, i /ɯ/, /i/ 𐰅‎ 𐰅‎ e /e/ 𐰆‎ 𐰆‎ o, u /o/, /u/ 𐰇‎ 𐰈‎ ö, ü /ø/, /y/ Consonants Synharmonic setsBack vowel Front vowel Orkhon Yenisei variant Trans-literation IPA Orkhon Yenisei variant Trans-literation IPA Image Text Image Text 𐰉‎ 𐰊‎ b¹ /b/ 𐰋‎ 𐰌‎ b² /b/ 𐰑‎ 𐰒‎ d¹ /d/ 𐰓‎ d² /d/ 𐰍‎ 𐰎‎ ǧ /ɣ/ 𐰏‎ 𐰐‎ g /ɡ/ 𐰞‎ 𐰟‎ l¹ /l/ 𐰠‎ l² /l/ 𐰣‎ n¹ /n/ 𐰤‎ 𐰥‎ n² /n/ 𐰺‎ 𐰻‎ r¹ /r/ 𐰼‎ r² /r/ 𐰽‎ s¹ /s/ 𐰾‎ s² /s/ 𐱃‎ 𐱄‎ t¹ /t/ 𐱅‎ 𐱆‎ t² /t/ 𐰖‎ 𐰗‎ j¹ /j/ 𐰘‎ 𐰙‎ j² /j/ 𐰴‎ 𐰵‎ q /q/ 𐰚‎ 𐰛‎ ok /okay/ 𐰸‎ 𐰹‎ oq, uq, qo, qu, q /oq/, /uq/, /qo/, /qu/, /q/ 𐰜‎ 𐰝‎ ök, ük, kö, kü, okay /øk/, /yk/, /kø/, /ky/, /okay/ Other consonantal signsOrkhon Yenisei variants Trans-literation IPA Image Text 𐰲‎ 𐰳‎ č /tʃ/ 𐰢‎ m /m/ 𐰯‎ p /p/ 𐱁‎ 𐰿 𐱀 𐱂‎[16] š /ʃ/ 𐰔‎ 𐰕‎ z /z/ 𐰭‎ 𐰮 𐰬‎ ñ /ŋ/ 𐰱‎ ič, či, č /itʃ/, /tʃi/, /tʃ/ 𐰶‎ 𐰷‎ ıq, qı, q /ɯq/, /qɯ/, /q/ 𐰨‎ 𐰩‎ -nč /ntʃ/ 𐰪‎ 𐰫‎ -nj /ɲ/ 𐰡‎ -lt /lt/, /ld/ 𐰦‎ 𐰧‎ -nt /nt/, /nd/ 𐱇‎ ot, ut[17] /ot/, /ut/ 𐱈‎ baš[18] /baʃ/

A colon-like symbol (⁚) is every so often used as a phrase separator.[19] In some circumstances a hoop (⸰) is used as an alternative.[19]

A studying instance (proper to left): 𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃 ( ) transliterated t²ñr²i, this spells the name of the Turkic sky god, Täñri (/tæŋri/).

Variants

Examples of the Orkhon-Yenisei alphabet are depicted on the opposite of the Azerbaijani Five manat banknote issued since 2006.[20] Oldest known Turkic alphabet listings, Ryukoku and Toyok manuscripts. Toyok manuscript transliterates Turkic alphabet into the Old Uyghur alphabet. Per Кызласов, Игорь Леонидович (1994). Рунические письменности евразийских степей. Восточная литература РАН. ISBN 978-5-02-017741-3.

Variants of the script were discovered from Mongolia and Xinjiang in the east to the Balkans within the west. The preserved inscriptions have been dated to between the Eighth and 10th centuries.

These alphabets are divided into four groups via Kyzlasov (1994)[21]

Asiatic group (includes Orkhon proper) Eurasiatic workforce Southern Europe group

The Asiatic staff is additional divided into three similar alphabets:

Orkhon alphabet, Göktürks, Eighth to tenth centuries Yenisei alphabet, Talas alphabet, a by-product of the Yenisei alphabet, Kangly or Karluks Eighth to 10th centuries. Talas inscriptions include Terek-Say rock inscriptions found in the 1897, Koysary textual content, Bakaiyr gorge inscriptions, Kalbak-Tash 6 and 12 inscriptions, Talas alphabet has 29 known letters.[22]

The Eurasiatic crew is further divided into 5 comparable alphabets:

Achiktash, used in Sogdia Eighth to 10th centuries. South-Yenisei, used by the Göktürks 8th to tenth centuries. Two especially similar alphabets: the Don alphabet, utilized by the Khazars, 8th to 10th centuries; and the Kuban alphabet, utilized by the Bulgars, 8th to 13th centuries. Inscriptions in each alphabets are discovered within the Pontic–Caspian steppe and at the banks of the Kama river. Tisza, used by the Pechenegs Eighth to tenth centuries.

Numerous alphabets are incompletely accrued due to the restrictions of the extant inscriptions. Evidence within the learn about of the Turkic scripts comprises Turkic-Chinese bilingual inscriptions, contemporaneous Turkic inscriptions in the Greek alphabet, literal translations into Slavic languages, and paper fragments with Turkic cursive writing from religion, Manichaeism, Buddhist, and legal topics of the 8th to tenth centuries found in Xinjiang.

Unicode

Main article: Old Turkic (Unicode block)

The Unicode block for Old Turkic is U+10C00–U+10C4F. It was once added to the Unicode standard in October 2009, with the discharge of model 5.2. It contains separate "Orkhon" and "Yenisei" variants of person characters.

Since Windows 8 Unicode Old Turkic writing give a boost to used to be added in the Segoe font.

Old Turkic[1][2]Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F U+10C0x 𐰀 𐰁 𐰂 𐰃 𐰄 𐰅 𐰆 𐰇 𐰈 𐰉 𐰊 𐰋 𐰌 𐰍 𐰎 𐰏 U+10C1x 𐰐 𐰑 𐰒 𐰓 𐰔 𐰕 𐰖 𐰗 𐰘 𐰙 𐰚 𐰛 𐰜 𐰝 𐰞 𐰟 U+10C2x 𐰠 𐰡 𐰢 𐰣 𐰤 𐰥 𐰦 𐰧 𐰨 𐰩 𐰪 𐰫 𐰬 𐰭 𐰮 𐰯 U+10C3x 𐰰 𐰱 𐰲 𐰳 𐰴 𐰵 𐰶 𐰷 𐰸 𐰹 𐰺 𐰻 𐰼 𐰽 𐰾 𐰿 U+10C4x 𐱀 𐱁 𐱂 𐱃 𐱄 𐱅 𐱆 𐱇 𐱈 Notes 1.^ As of Unicode model 13.0 2.^ Grey areas point out non-assigned code issues

References

Citations ^ Scharlipp, Wolfgang (2000). An Introduction to the Old Turkish Runic Inscriptions. Verlag auf dem Ruffel, Engelschoff. ISBN 978-3-933847-00-3. ^ Sinor, Denis (2002). "Old Turkic". History of Civilizations of Central Asia. 4. Paris: UNESCO. pp. 331–333. ^ Vilhelm Thomsen, [Turkic] Orkhon Inscriptions Deciphered (Helsinki : Society of Finnish Literature Press, 1893). Translated in French and later English (Ann Arbor MI: University Microfilms Intl., 1971). OCLC 7413840 ^ Cooper, J.S. (2004). "Babylonian beginnings: The origin of the cuneiform writing system in comparative perspective". In Houston, Stephen (ed.). The First Writing: Script Invention as History and Process. Cambridge University Press. pp. 58–59. ^ Mabry, Tristan James (2015). Nationalism, Language, and Muslim Exceptionalism. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-8122-4691-9. ^ Kara, György (1996). "Aramaic scripts for Altaic languages". In Daniels, Peter; Bright, William (eds.). The World's Writing Systems. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7. ^ Turks, A. Samoylovitch, First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936, Vol. VI, (Brill, 1993), 911. ^ Campbell, George; Moseley, Christopher (2013). The Routledge Handbook of Scripts and Alphabets. Routledge. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-135-22296-3. ^ N. Ishjatms, "Nomads in Eastern Central Asia", within the "History of civilizations of Central Asia", volume 2, determine 6, p. 166, UNESCO Publishing, 1996, p. 165 ^ Lung 龍, Rachel 惠珠 (2011). Interpreters in Early Imperial China. John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 54–55. ISBN 978-90-272-2444-6. ^ Mouton, 2002, Archivum Ottomanicum, p. 49 ^ Sigfried J. de Laet, Joachim Herrmann, (1996), History of Humanity: From the 7th century B.C. to the seventh century A.D., p. 478 ^ a b c Erdal, Marcel. 2004. A grammar of Old Turkic. Leiden, Brill. p. 7 ^ "TURK BITIG". bitig.org. Archived from the original on 24 June 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2019. ^ Tekin, Talât (1993). Irk bitig = The Book of omens. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 3-447-03426-2. OCLC 32352166. ^ According to Gabain (1941) ^ According to Gabain (1941), no longer listed in Thomsen (1893) ^ According to Tekin (1968); not indexed in Thomsen (1893) or Gabain (1941); Malov (1951) lists the sign however provides no sound value. ^ a b "The Unicode Standard, Chapter 14.8: Old Turkic" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. March 2020. ^ Central Bank of Azerbaijan. National foreign money: 5 manat. – Retrieved on 25 February 2010. ^ Kyzlasov I. L.; "Writings of Eurasian Steppes", Eastern Literature, Moscow, 1994, 327 pp. 321–323 ^ Kyzlasov I. L.; "Writings of Eurasian Steppes", Eastern Literature, Moscow, 1994, pp. 98–100 Sources Diringer, David. The Alphabet: a Key to the History of Mankind, New York, NY: Philosophical Library, 1948, pp. 313–315. Erdal, Marcel. 2004. A grammar of Old Turkic. Leiden & Boston: Brill. LFaulmann, Carl. 1990 (1880). Das Buch der Schrift. Frankfurt am Main: Eichborn. ISBN 3-8218-1720-8 (in German) Février, James G. Histoire de l'écriture, Paris: Payot, 1948, pp. 311–317 (in French) Ishjatms, N. "Nomads in Eastern Central Asia", within the "History of civilizations of Central Asia", Volume 2, UNESCO Publishing, 1996, ISBN 92-3-102846-4 Jensen, Hans (1970). Sign Symbol and Script. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd. ISBN 0-04-400021-9. Kyzlasov, I.L. "Runic Scripts of Eurasian Steppes", Moscow, Eastern Literature, 1994, ISBN 5-02-017741-5 Malov, S.E. 1951, Pamjatniki Drevnitjurkskoj Pisʹmennosti (Памятники Древнитюркской Письменности), Moskva & Leningrad. (in Russian) Muxamadiev, Azgar. (1995). Turanian Writing (Туранская Письменность). In Zakiev, M. Z.(Ed.), Problemy lingvoėtnoistorii tatarskogo naroda (Проблемы лингвоэтноистории татарского народа). Kazan: Akademija Nauk Tatarstana. (in Russian) Róna-Tas, A. 1991. An advent to Turkology. Szeged. Tekin, Talat. A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic. Indiana University Uralic and Altaic Series, vol. 69 (Bloomington/The Hague: Mouton, 1968) Thomsen, Vilhelm. Inscriptions de l'Orkhon déchiffrées, Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, Helsinki Toimituksia, no. 5 Helsingfors: La société de littérature Finnoise [1] (in French) Vasilʹiev, D.D. Korpus tjurkskix runičeskix pamjatnikov Bassina Eniseja [Corpus of the Turkic Runic Monuments of the Yenisei Basin], Leningrad: USSR Academy of Science, 1983 (in Russian) von Gabain, A. 1941. Alttürkische Grammatik mit Bibliographie, Lesestücken und Wörterverzeichnis, auch Neutürkisch. Mit vier Schrifttafeln und sieben Schriftproben. (Porta Linguarum Orientalium; 23) Leipzig: Otto Harrassowitz. (in German)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media associated with Old Turkic script.Orkhon Inscriptions in Old Turkic Alphabet Unicode Türk bitig - Old Turkic inscriptions, Texts, Translations Orkhon Alphabet page from Omniglot Gokturkish Keyboard via Isa SARI glyph table (kyrgyz.ru) Bilgitay Orhun Writer (An online converter for Latin alphabet founded texts to Orhun Abece.) Everson, Michael (25 January 2008). "L2/08-071: Proposal for encoding the Old Turkic script in the SMP of the UCS" (PDF). 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vteGöktürksFirst Turkic Khaganate (552–581) (Ashina Tuwu) Bumin Qaghan Issik Qaghan Muqan Qaghan Taspar Qaghan Ashina Anluo Ishbara Qaghan Bagha Qaghan Tulan Qaghan (Istämi) (Empress Ashina) (Apa Qaghan)(Yangsu Tegin) (Tamgan)Eastern Turkic Khaganate (581–630) Yami Qaghan Shibi Qaghan Chulo Qaghan Illig Qaghan Qilibi Qaghan Chebi Qaghan(Ashina Jiesheshuai) (Ashina Funian) (Ashina She'er) (Ashina Nishufu) (Ashide Wenfu) (Ashide Fengji) (Ashina Shibobi)Western Turkic Khaganate (581–657) Tardu Niri Qaghan Heshana Qaghan Sheguy Tong Yabghu Qaghan Külüg Sibir Sy Yabghu Khagan Duolu Qaghan Ishbara Tolis(El Kulug Shad) (Irbis Ishbara Yabgu Qaghan)Yukuk Shad Irbis Seguy Hallig (Bagha Shad) (Böri Shad) (Ashina Duzhi)(Ashina Tuizi)Second Turkic Khaganate (682–744) Ilterish Qaghan Qapaghan Qaghan Inel Qaghan Bilgä Qaǧan Yollıg Khagan Tengri Qaghan Kutluk Yabgu Khagan Özmiş Khagan Ashina Shi(Ashina Duoxifu) (Kulun Beg) (Kul Tigin) (Tonyukuk) (Qutluğ Säbäg Qatun) (El Bilga Khatun)Western Turksunder Jimi device Kunling Protectorate Ashina Mishe Ashina Yuanqing Ashina Xian Ashina ZhenMengchi Protectorate Ashina Buzhen Ashina Huseluo Ashina Huaidao Ashina XinAnxi Protectorate Tokhara Yabghus (625-758) Turk Shahis (665–870)Göktürk culture Tengrism Asena Otuken Suyab Kurultai Old Turkic language Old Turkic script Orkhon inscriptions Orkhon Valley Shoroon Bumbagar tomb Turks in the Tang military Ülüş machine Bain Tsokto inscriptions Ongin inscription Altyn Tamgan Tarhan inscription Qara bodunGöktürk wars and treaties Göktürk civil struggle Battle of Gol-Zarriun/Bukhara Göktürk–Persian wars First Second Third Tang Eastern Turk campaign Xueyantuo Tang Western Turk campaigns Conquest Li-Sun rebellion Battle of BolchuTitles Khagan Shad Tegin Yabghu Bagha Boyla Tudun Beg Khatun Tarkhan Ishad ElteberFamily Göktürk circle of relatives tree Ashina tribe Ashide vteTypes of writing systemsOverview History of writing GraphemeLists Writing systems undeciphered inventors built Languages via writing gadget / by first written accountsTypesAbjads NumeralsAramaic Hatran Arabic Egyptian hieroglyphs Hebrew Ashuri Cursive Rashi Solitreo Tifinagh Manichaean Nabataean Old North Arabian Pahlavi Pegon Phoenician Paleo-Hebrew Pitman shorthand Proto-Sinaitic Psalter Pahlavi Punic Samaritan South Arabian Zabur Musnad Sogdian Syriac ʾEsṭrangēlā Serṭā Maḏnḥāyā Teeline Shorthand UgariticAbugidasBrahmicNorthern Assamese Bengali Bhaiksuki Bhujimol Brāhmī Devanāgarī Dogri Gujarati Gupta Gurmukhī Kaithi Kalinga Khojki Khudabadi Laṇḍā Lepcha Limbu Mahajani Meitei Modi Multani Nagari Nandinagari Odia Karani ʼPhags-pa Pracalit (Newar) Ranjana Sharada Siddhaṃ Soyombo Sylheti Nagari Takri Tibetan Uchen Umê Tirhuta Tocharian Zanabazar Square Marchen Marchung Pungs-chen Pungs-chung DrushaSouthern Ahom Balinese Batak Baybayin Bhattiprolu Buda Buhid Burmese Chakma Cham Fakkham Grantha Goykanadi Hanunuo (Hanunó'o) Javanese Kadamba Kannada Karen Kawi Khmer Kulitan Lanna Lao Leke Lontara (Bilang-bilang) Makasar Malayalam Old Maldivian Dhives Akuru Eveyla Akuru Mon (Old Mon) New Tai Lue Pallava Pyu Rejang Rencong Saurashtra Shan Sinhala Sundanese (Old Sundanese) Tagbanwa Tai Le Tai Noi Tai Tham Tai Viet Tamil Tamil-Brahmi Telugu Thai Tigalari Vatteluttu Kolezhuthu MalayanmaOthers Boyd's syllabic shorthand Canadian syllabics Blackfoot Déné syllabics Fox I Geʽez Gunjala Gondi Japanese Braille Jenticha Kharosthi Mandombe Masaram Gondi Meroitic Miao Mwangwego Pahawh Hmong Sorang Sompeng Thaana Thomas Natural Shorthand Warang CitiAlphabetsLinear A-Chik Tok'birim Abkhaz Adlam Armenian Avestan Avoiuli Bassa Vah Borama Carian Caucasian Albanian Coelbren Coorgi–Cox alphabet Coptic Cyrillic Deseret Duployan shorthand Chinook writing Early Cyrillic Eclectic shorthand Elbasan Etruscan Evenki Fox II Fraser Gabelsberger shorthand Garay Georgian Asomtavruli Nuskhuri Mkhedruli Glagolitic Gothic Gregg shorthand Greek Greco-Iberian alphabet Hangul Hanifi IPA Jenticha Kaddare Kayah Li Klingon Latin Beneventan Blackletter Carolingian minuscule Fraktur Gaelic Insular Kurrent Merovingian Sigla Sütterlin Tironian notes Visigothic Luo Lycian Lydian Manchu Mandaic Medefaidrin Molodtsov Mongolian Mru Neo-Tifinagh N'Ko Ogham Oirat Ol Chiki Old Hungarian Old Italic Old Permic Orkhon Old Uyghur Osage Osmanya Pau Cin Hau Runic Anglo-Saxon Cipher Dalecarlian Elder Futhark Younger Futhark Gothic Marcomannic Medieval Staveless Sidetic Shavian Somali Sorang Sompeng Tifinagh Tolong Siki Vagindra Vietnamese Visible Speech Vithkuqi Wancho Warang Citi ZaghawaNon-linear Braille Maritime flags Telegraph code New York Point Flag semaphore Moon typeIdeograms and pictograms Adinkra Aztec Blissymbol Dongba Ersu Shaba Emoji IConji Isotype Kaidā Míkmaq Mixtec New Epoch Notation Painting Nsibidi Ojibwe Hieroglyphs Siglas poveiras Testerian Yerkish ZapotecLogogramsChinese circle of relatives of scriptsChinese Characters Simplified Traditional Oracle bone script Bronze Script Seal Script huge small bird-worm Hanja Idu Kanji Chữ Nôm ZhuangChinese-influenced Jurchen Khitan huge script Sui TangutCuneiform Akkadian Assyrian Elamite Hittite Luwian SumerianOther logo-syllabic Anatolian Bagam Cretan Isthmian Maya Proto-Elamite Yi (Classical)Logo-consonantal Demotic Hieratic HieroglyphsNumerals Hindu-Arabic Abjad Attic (Greek) Muisca RomanSemi-syllabariesFull Celtiberian Northeastern Iberian Southeastern Iberian KhomRedundant Espanca Pahawh Hmong Khitan small script Southwest Paleohispanic Zhuyin fuhaoSomacheirograms ASLwrite SignWriting si5s Stokoe NotationSyllabaries Afaka Bamum Bété Byblos Canadian Aboriginal Cherokee Cypriot Cypro-Minoan Ditema tsa Dinoko Eskayan Geba Great Lakes Algonquian Iban Idu Japanese Hiragana Katakana Man'yōgana Hentaigana Sogana Jindai moji Kikakui Kpelle Linear B Linear Elamite Lisu Loma Nüshu Nwagu Aneke script Old Persian Cuneiform Sumerian Vai Woleai Yi (Modern) YugtunvteBraille ⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑Braille mobile 1829 braille International uniformity ASCII braille Unicode braille patternsBraille scriptsFrench-ordered Albanian Azerbaijani Cantonese Catalan Chinese (mainland Mandarin) (in large part reassigned) Czech Dutch English (Unified English) Esperanto French German Ghanaian Guarani Hawaiian Hungarian Iñupiaq IPA Irish Italian Latvian Lithuanian Luxembourgish (prolonged to 8-dots) Maltese Māori Navajo Nigerian Philippine Polish Portuguese Romanian Samoan Slovak South African Spanish Taiwanese Mandarin (in large part reassigned) Turkish Vietnamese Welsh Yugoslav ZambianNordic circle of relatives Estonian Faroese Icelandic Northern Sami Scandinavian Danish Finnish Greenlandic Norwegian SwedishRussian lineage familyi.e. Cyrillic-mediated scripts Belarusian Bulgarian Kazakh Kyrgyz Mongolian Russian Tatar UkrainianEgyptian lineage familyi.e. Arabic-mediated scripts Arabic Persian Urdu (Pakistan)Indian lineage familyi.e. Bharati Braille Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali) Bengali (Bangla / Assamese) Gujarati Kannada Malayalam Odia Punjabi Sinhala Tamil Telugu Urdu (India)Other scripts Amharic Armenian Burmese Cambodian Dzongkha (Bhutanese) Georgian Greek Hebrew Inuktitut (reassigned vowels) Thai and Lao (Japanese vowels) Tibetan Reordered Algerian Braille (obsolete)Frequency-based American Braille (out of date)Independent Chinese semi-syllabaries Cantonese Mainland Chinese Mandarin Taiwanese Mandarin Two-Cell Chinese (Shuangpin) Japanese KoreanEight-dot Luxembourgish Kanji Gardner–Salinas braille codes (GS8)Symbols in braille Braille tune Canadian foreign money marks Computer Braille Code Gardner–Salinas braille codes (science; GS8/GS6) International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Nemeth braille codeBraille generation Braille book Braille embosser Braille translator Braille watch Mountbatten Brailler Optical braille recognition Perforation Perkins Brailler Refreshable braille show Slate and stylus BraigoPersons Louis Braille Charles Barbier Valentin Haüy Thakur Vishva Narain Singh Sabriye Tenberken William Bell WaitOrganisations Braille Institute of America Braille Without Borders Japan Braille Library National Braille Association Blindness organizations Schools for the blind American Printing House for the BlindOther tactile alphabets Decapoint Moon sort New York Point Night writing VibrateseRelated topics Accessible publishing Braille literacy RoboBraillevteElectronic writing programs Emoticons Emoji Kaomoji iConji Leet UnicodevteInternet slang variants 3arabizi Alay (Indonesia) Denglisch Doge DoggoLingo Fingilish (Persian) Greeklish Gyaru-moji (Japan) Jejemon (Philippines) Leet ("1337") Lolspeak / LOLspeak / Kitteh Martian language (Chinese) Miguxês (Portuguese) O RLY? Padonkaffsky jargon (Russian) Pseudo-Chinese Translit Volapuk See additionally English internet slang (at Wiktionary) SMS language Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Old_Turkic_script&oldid=1023399354"